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Updated: Nov 7, 2025
Modeling and Simulations of Olfactory Drug Delivery with Passive and Active Controls of Nasally Inhaled Pharmaceutical Aerosols
Published on: May 20, 2016
Effects of endoscopic sinus surgery on nasal spray deposition using dye-based methods for humans and a human silicone
Katsuhisa Ikeda1, Tatsunari Harashima2, Takuji Koike2
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Objective:
We have evaluated that the deposition patterns of corticosteroid nasal spray in the sinonasal cavity of both post-operated human cases, which were further compared with a computed tomography-based sinonasal airway model.
Methods:
Fifty-one patients with chronic rhinosinusitis following an endoscopic sinus surgery were enrolled in this study. Nasal spray mometasone furoate hydrate (Nasonex®) containing 0.1% indigocarmine was applied to the patients' nasal cavities and the sinonasal cavity was observed by endoscopy and video documentation. A single plaster sinonasal model was used to quantify the sinonasal deposition of nasal sprays containing 10% red ink solution using 12 round paper strips.
Results:
The predominant areas of the spray deposition of the operated sinonasal cavities were recognized in the ethmoid sinus and the olfactory cleft in the human study. The droplets were mainly deposited in the inferior turbinate followed by the posterior part of the ethmoid sinus, the olfactory cleft, and anterior part of the ethmoid sinus in a sinonasal model.
Conclusion:
The corticosteroid nasal spray efficiently reached the olfactory cleft and the ethmoid sinus in post-operative conditions, which was demonstrated by post-operated human cases and a computed tomography-based sinonasal airway model.
