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Adverse childhood experiences and developmental disabilities: risks, resiliency, and policy
Kiley Morgart1, Joyce Nolan Harrison1,2, Alexander H Hoon3,4
1Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology
|May 3, 2021
Summary
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) significantly impact lifelong health, particularly in children with developmental disabilities. Early identification and interventions for ACEs can mitigate risks and shift healthcare towards prevention and well-being.
Area of Science:
- Child Development
- Public Health
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are linked to lifelong health issues.
- Genomics and epigenetics explain neurobiological impacts of stress from ACEs.
- Children with developmental disabilities face higher ACE risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- Highlight the link between ACEs and developmental disabilities.
- Advocate for policy changes addressing ACEs in vulnerable populations.
- Promote a shift from 'sick care' to 'well care'.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing research on ACEs and developmental disabilities.
- Analysis of neurobiological mechanisms (stress pathways, epigenetics).
- Discussion of policy and healthcare model implications.
Main Results:
- ACEs have profound, long-lasting effects on physical, mental, and behavioral health.
- ACEs contribute to adult diseases, viewed as early developmental disorders.
- Children with developmental disabilities are a vulnerable group with increased ACE risk.
Conclusions:
- Integrating ACE research into policy can transform healthcare towards prevention.
- Addressing ACEs in children with developmental disabilities is crucial for reducing morbidity.
- Early identification and evidence-based interventions can mitigate ACEs' impact.
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