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Social comparison plays a fundamental role in the evaluation of personal success and self-worth. Rather than assessing our achievements in isolation, we interpret their significance relative to personal goals and critically in comparison to the performance of others. A grade of B in a mathematics exam might elicit pride if one's expectation was a C, yet result in disappointment if an A was anticipated or if peers achieved superior results. These comparative evaluations illustrate how both...
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Self-esteem, a core aspect of psychological well-being, reflects an individual's positive and negative self-evaluation in terms of worth, competence, and overall value. It is both a stable trait and a dynamic process, influenced by experiences and social interactions across the lifespan. While global self-esteem offers a general assessment, research highlights that self-esteem is multidimensional and varies across specific life domains.Domain-Specific Self-EsteemResearchers have delineated...
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Cross-Modal Multivariate Pattern Analysis
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Multivariable pattern classification differentiates relational self-esteem from personal self-esteem.

Jiwen Li1, Mei Zeng1, Mingyan Liu1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience
|May 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified a unique brain signature for relational self-esteem (RSE), distinguishing it from personal self-esteem (PSE). This finding reveals how social connections shape our sense of self-worth in the brain.

Keywords:
cognitive demandingmultivariable pattern analysis (MVPA)personal self-esteem (PSE)relational self-esteem (RSE)

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Social Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Relational self-esteem (RSE) is self-worth derived from relationships, distinct from personal self-esteem (PSE) based on individual attributes.
  • Previous neuroimaging studies explored RSE neural processes, but a clear multivariable neural pattern remained elusive.
  • Identifying a stable RSE signature could advance understanding of relational self-worth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate neural patterns of RSE from PSE using multivariate pattern classification.
  • To identify a stable neural signature for RSE.
  • To elucidate the cognitive processes underlying RSE evaluation.

Main Methods:

  • Multivariate pattern classification was employed to distinguish RSE from PSE.
  • Neuroimaging data were analyzed to identify diagnostic neural signatures.
  • An independent test sample validated the reliability of the identified neural patterns.

Main Results:

  • A stable diagnostic neural signature for RSE relative to PSE was identified.
  • Key brain regions involved include the superior/middle temporal gyrus, precuneus, posterior cingulate cortex, dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), and temporo-parietal junction.
  • These neural signatures reliably decoded RSE-related activities in an independent sample, confirming their robustness.

Conclusions:

  • RSE evaluation involves relational episodic memory retrieval, perspective-taking, and value calculation.
  • The identified neural patterns suggest a more cognitively prominent processing of RSE compared to PSE.
  • This study enriches the understanding of how relational self-worth is represented and generated in the brain.