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Integrated sample-handling and mounting system for fixed-target serial synchrotron crystallography.

Gabrielle Illava1, Richard Jayne2, Aaron D Finke3

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

Acta Crystallographica. Section D, Structural Biology
|May 5, 2021
PubMed
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A new integrated system enhances serial synchrotron crystallography (SSX) by improving microcrystal handling and data collection. This technology supports structure-function studies and drug discovery with ultralow background scatter and optimized sample preparation.

Area of Science:

  • Structural Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Serial synchrotron crystallography (SSX) is crucial for biomolecular structure-function studies and drug discovery, but requires efficient handling of microcrystals.
  • Existing methods face challenges with crystal dispersion, hydration, and data collection, limiting throughput and data quality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and present an integrated system that overcomes common limitations in microcrystal preparation and data collection for SSX.
  • To enhance the efficiency and reliability of structure-function studies and drug discovery using small crystals.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an integrated system including ultralow background-scatter sample holders, a sample-loading station, and a humid glovebox.
  • Sample holders feature thin-film supports optimized for crystal dispersion, liquid removal, rapid cooling, and minimal background scatter.
Keywords:
high throughputprotein crystallographysample supportsample-delivery systemserial crystallographyserial synchrotron crystallography

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  • Sample-loading station enables controlled humidity, suction-based liquid removal, cryoprotection, and sealing for room-temperature data collection.
  • Main Results:

    • The integrated system facilitates the preparation of well-dispersed, hydrated, and isomorphous microcrystals.
    • Ultralow background-scatter sample holders allow extensive oscillation data collection without obstruction or saturating Bragg peaks.
    • The system supports both cryogenic and room-temperature data collection, enhancing flexibility and compatibility with existing infrastructure.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed integrated SSX system significantly improves microcrystal handling, preparation, and data collection efficiency.
    • This technology is valuable for structure-function studies, drug discovery, and various single-crystal and few-crystal diffraction experiments.
    • The system's ease of use, flexibility, and optimized performance make it a powerful tool for crystallographic research.