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Exoplanets as Sub-GeV Dark Matter Detectors.

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Exoplanets offer a novel way to detect dark matter (DM). By analyzing DM interactions within exoplanets using infrared telescopes, scientists can probe DM properties and search for evidence of DM in our galaxy.

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Area of Science:

  • * Astrophysics
  • * Particle Physics
  • * Exoplanetary Science

Background:

  • * Billions of exoplanets, including brown dwarfs, rogue planets, and gas giants, populate the Milky Way.
  • * Dark matter (DM) interactions within celestial bodies can lead to detectable energy deposition and heat flow changes.
  • * Current methods for dark matter detection have limitations in sensitivity and scope.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate the potential of exoplanets as targets for dark matter detection.
  • * To determine the sensitivity of upcoming infrared telescopes to DM-induced exoplanet heating.
  • * To establish new constraints on dark matter properties through exoplanetary observations.

Main Methods:

  • * Theoretical modeling of dark matter scattering, capture, and annihilation within exoplanets.
  • * Estimation of infrared telescope sensitivity to DM-induced thermal signatures in exoplanets.
  • * Analysis of potential observational signatures, such as DM-induced heating correlated with galactic position.

Main Results:

  • * Exoplanets can be effectively used to probe dark matter with masses above approximately 1 MeV.
  • * Achievable sensitivity for DM-proton and DM-electron scattering cross sections down to 10^-37 cm^2, exceeding current limits by up to six orders of magnitude.
  • * Identification of DM-induced exoplanet heating correlated with galactic position as a supporting evidence for DM origin.

Conclusions:

  • * Exoplanets represent a promising new frontier for dark matter discovery.
  • * Upcoming infrared telescopes can perform actionable dark matter searches or exclusions using exoplanets.
  • * Measuring the temperature of gas giants and other exoplanets provides crucial data for dark matter research.