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Classifying Different Types of Music Performance Anxiety.
Claudia Spahn1, Franziska Krampe2, Manfred Nusseck1
1Freiburg Institute for Musicians' Medicine, University of Music Freiburg, Medical Faculty of the Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg Center for Research and Teaching in Music, Freiburg, Germany.
Frontiers in Psychology
|May 10, 2021
Summary
This study identified three distinct types of music performance anxiety (MPA) in musicians, revealing variations in symptoms and coping strategies across performances. Understanding these MPA types is crucial for musician well-being and performance enhancement.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Music Performance
- Anxiety Studies
Background:
- Music performance anxiety (MPA) is prevalent among musicians, yet research often overlooks variations within a single performance.
- Understanding MPA fluctuations before, during, and after a performance is essential for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate individual variations in perceived MPA across different performance phases (before, during, after).
- To identify distinct types of MPA based on symptom patterns, coping mechanisms, and self-efficacy.
Main Methods:
- A questionnaire, the Performance-specific Questionnaire for Musicians (PQM), was administered to 532 musicians post-performance.
- PQM scales assessed MPA symptoms, functional coping, and performance-related self-efficacy.
- Cluster analysis was employed to identify systematic variations and categorize musicians into MPA types.
Main Results:
- Three distinct MPA types were identified: Type 1 (low symptoms, functional coping, high self-efficacy), Type 2 (high initial symptoms decreasing, high coping/self-efficacy), and Type 3 (increasing symptoms, low coping/self-efficacy).
- Type 1 comprised 50% of the sample, while Type 2 and Type 3 each accounted for approximately 25% (27% and 23%, respectively).
Conclusions:
- The findings highlight the heterogeneity of MPA experiences among musicians.
- Self-efficacy and functional coping strategies are critical factors influencing a positive performance experience and managing MPA effectively.
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