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The Mammary Glands

The Mammary Glands

The female breast is a hemispheric projection of variable size positioned anterior to the pectoralis major and serratus anterior muscles. A fascia layer composed of dense, irregular connective tissue connects it to these muscles.
Each breast features a pigmented projection known as the nipple, through which milk emerges via closely spaced openings of ducts, referred to as lactiferous ducts. Surrounding the nipple is a circular pigmented area of skin named the areola, which appears rough due to...

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Updated: Nov 6, 2025

Indirect Immunofluorescence on Frozen Sections of Mouse Mammary Gland

Indirect Immunofluorescence on Frozen Sections of Mouse Mammary Gland

Published on: December 1, 2015

Giant lactating adenoma.

Isac Ribeiro Moulaz¹, Fernanda Sales Soares de Oliveira¹, Eveline Cristina da Silva²

¹Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Medical School, Vitória, ES, Brasil.

Autopsy & Case Reports

|May 10, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This case study details a rare giant lactating adenoma, a benign breast lesion, presenting unusually large and with concerning features. Pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis despite initial clinical-radiologic concerns.

Keywords:

Breast Breast neoplasms Lactation Disorders

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Area of Science:

Breast pathology
Reproductive endocrinology
Surgical oncology

Background:

Lactating adenoma is a rare, benign breast lesion typically presenting as a small, well-circumscribed mass.
It most commonly affects women aged 20-40 during the third trimester of pregnancy.

Observation:

This case features an unusually large lactating adenoma (>10 cm) with multiple nodules and poorly defined ultrasonographic margins.
Radiologic features were concerning, mimicking malignancy or infection, with growth noted since early pregnancy.
The lesion was associated with chronic mastitis and presented with infarction.

Findings:

Clinical-radiologic differential diagnoses included abscess, phyllodes tumor, and galactocele.
Pathologic examination confirmed lactating adenoma with multiple infarcted areas.
This represents an unexpected case of giant lactating adenoma.

Implications:

Highlights the importance of considering benign lesions even with concerning clinical and radiologic features.
Emphasizes the need for accurate pathological diagnosis in differentiating giant breast masses.
Contributes to understanding the spectrum of lactating adenoma presentations.