Bone health in diabetes: Indian perspective
Rimesh Pal1, Sanjay Kumar Bhadada
1Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Summary
Bone health in Asian Indians with diabetes is understudied. This review highlights increased fracture risk and deteriorated bone quality in this population, emphasizing the need for further research.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Orthopedics
- Bone Metabolism
Background:
- Diabetes affects millions globally, with significant implications for bone health.
- Bone health in Asian Indians with diabetes remains largely under-researched.
- Understanding fracture risk factors is crucial for this demographic.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review existing literature on fracture risk in Asian Indians with diabetes.
- To identify factors influencing bone health in this population.
- To highlight knowledge gaps and future research directions.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of published literature.
- Analysis of studies on fracture prevalence and bone mineral density (BMD).
- Examination of bone quality parameters in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).
Main Results:
- Diabetes is associated with a higher fracture prevalence.
- Osteoporosis prevalence in Asian Indians with T2D ranges from 35.5% to 49.5%.
- BMD findings in T2D vary, but bone quality appears compromised, contributing to fracture risk.
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is associated with modestly low BMD.
Conclusions:
- Asian Indians with diabetes face a significant risk of bone fragility.
- Deteriorated bone quality is a key factor in elevated fracture risk.
- Evidence-based guidelines are needed for prevention and management.
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