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    We introduce 1-bit feedforward information to enhance free-space optical (FSO) receiver error performance. This method significantly improves M-ary pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) signaling in FSO systems.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Communications
    • Signal Processing

    Background:

    • Free-space optical (FSO) systems face performance challenges due to atmospheric turbulence and other impairments.
    • M-ary pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) is a common signaling scheme in FSO, but its error performance can be limited.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To improve the error performance of free-space optical (FSO) receivers.
    • To investigate the benefits of incorporating 1-bit feedforward information into FSO systems.
    • To optimize M-ary pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) signaling for FSO environments.

    Main Methods:

    • Designing an error-optimal M-ary PAM constellation tailored for 1-bit feedforward information.
    • Deriving a maximum likelihood detector for the FSO receiver.
    • Analytically obtaining the symbol error rate using a union-bound approach.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated that 1-bit feedforward information significantly enhances receiver error performance.
    • Validated the effectiveness of the proposed error-optimal PAM constellation.
    • Achieved closed-form analytical results for the symbol error rate.

    Conclusions:

    • 1-bit feedforward information is a highly effective technique for improving PAM signaling in FSO systems.
    • The proposed error-optimal PAM constellation and detection method offer substantial performance gains.
    • This approach provides a viable method for enhancing the reliability of FSO communication.