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Polarization singularity index determination by using a tilted lens.

Baby Komal, S Deepa, Sunil Kumar

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    Researchers determined polarization singularity indices by disintegrating orbital angular momentum (OAM) states. A tilted lens method accurately identifies V and C points in light beams, even with opposite topological charges.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Light-Matter Interactions

    Background:

    • Polarization singularities arise from the superposition of spin and orbital angular momentum (OAM) states in light.
    • Determining the indices of these singularities is crucial for understanding light beam properties.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and demonstrate a method for determining polarization singularity indices.
    • To analyze the component orbital angular momentum (OAM) content of polarization singular beams (PSBs).

    Main Methods:

    • Perturbing and disintegrating component OAM states to reveal singularity indices.
    • Focusing PSBs with a tilted lens and analyzing the resulting intensity distribution.
    • Utilizing astigmatism induced by lens tilt to modulate vortex beams and create intensity nulls.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully demonstrated index determination of V points and C points using a tilted lens in simulations and experiments.
    • The method effectively determines indices for superpositions of scalar vortices with opposite-sign topological charges.
    • The technique lifts the degeneracy of C points with identical Stokes indices.

    Conclusions:

    • A tilted lens method provides an effective means to determine polarization singularity indices.
    • This technique is valuable for analyzing complex light beams composed of multiple OAM states.
    • The method offers a way to distinguish C points that would otherwise have ambiguous characterization.