Two 11-Years Periods Statistics and Trends of Enucleation and Evisceration

The indications for evisceration and enucleation are still evolving and controversial. The study aims to describe trends of enucleation versus evisceration in one center.

In period 1998-2019 were 353 patients were included in the study. Statistical results and Chi-square test for pair-wise comparisons for the statistical significance in comparing two subgroups (years periods 1998-2008 and 2009-2019) per category have been evaluated.

The enucleation was performed in 306 patients, and the evisceration was performed in 47 patients. In 221 patients with the tumor exclusively enucleation was indicated. For the operation technique, the authors got a chi-square value of 0.027, and the associated P value is at 0.8695, then the number of evisceration and enucleation in subgroups have not confirmed independency. For the tumor presence, the authors got a chi-square value of 5.4, and the associated P value is at 0.02, then the number of validated/nonvalidated tumor presence in subgroups confirmed independency.

The performed enucleations had 98% cases uveal melanoma, 1% of cases of another type of malignancy (lymphoma non-Hodgkin type), and 1% cases with benign tumor. Enucleation is also today most frequently due to malignant intraocular tumors, whereas evisceration if most frequently for the phthisis eye after a trauma or a previous intraocular surgery. In our study in 22 years interval also in the second period, there was an increased trend of enucleation due to intraocular malignancy. It can have many reasons, especially, that patients are sent to oncology centers late in the advanced stage of tumor.