Jove
Visualize
Contact Us

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Driving Impairment Cases Involving Flualprazolam.

Journal of analytical toxicology·2022
Same author

Novel and Nonroutine Benzodiazepines and Suvorexant by LC-MS-MS.

Journal of analytical toxicology·2021
Same author

Fentanyl and Driving Impairment.

Journal of analytical toxicology·2020
Same author

Driving Impairment Cases Involving Etizolam and Flubromazolam.

Journal of analytical toxicology·2020
Same author

U-47700: A Not So New Opioid.

Journal of analytical toxicology·2017
Same author

Roadside drug testing: An evaluation of the Alere DDS<sup>®</sup> 2 mobile test system.

Drug testing and analysis·2017
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 4, 2025

Author Spotlight: An Efficient Methodology to Confidently Differentiate and Characterize Fentanyl Analogs
10:13

Author Spotlight: An Efficient Methodology to Confidently Differentiate and Characterize Fentanyl Analogs

Published on: November 8, 2024

2.6K

1,1-Difluoroethane Forensic Aspects for the Toxicologist and Pathologist.

Nicholas B Tiscione1, Timothy P Rohrig2

  • 1Palm Beach County Sheriff's Office, Toxicology Unit, 3075 Gun Club Road, West Palm Beach, FL 33406, USA.

Journal of Analytical Toxicology
|May 21, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

1,1-Difluoroethane (DFE) abuse can cause rapid central nervous system depression and death. Detection in biological samples is challenging due to rapid dissipation, impacting medicolegal investigations.

More Related Videos

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Paired with Total Vaporization Solid-Phase Microextraction as a Forensic Tool
05:31

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Paired with Total Vaporization Solid-Phase Microextraction as a Forensic Tool

Published on: May 25, 2021

7.6K
Quantitative Detection of Trace Explosive Vapors by Programmed Temperature Desorption Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector
07:57

Quantitative Detection of Trace Explosive Vapors by Programmed Temperature Desorption Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector

Published on: July 25, 2014

20.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 4, 2025

Author Spotlight: An Efficient Methodology to Confidently Differentiate and Characterize Fentanyl Analogs
10:13

Author Spotlight: An Efficient Methodology to Confidently Differentiate and Characterize Fentanyl Analogs

Published on: November 8, 2024

2.6K
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Paired with Total Vaporization Solid-Phase Microextraction as a Forensic Tool
05:31

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Paired with Total Vaporization Solid-Phase Microextraction as a Forensic Tool

Published on: May 25, 2021

7.6K
Quantitative Detection of Trace Explosive Vapors by Programmed Temperature Desorption Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector
07:57

Quantitative Detection of Trace Explosive Vapors by Programmed Temperature Desorption Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector

Published on: July 25, 2014

20.2K

Area of Science:

  • Forensic toxicology
  • Pharmacology
  • Environmental health

Background:

  • 1,1-Difluoroethane (DFE) is a common propellant in consumer products.
  • DFE abuse as an inhalant presents significant medicolegal challenges.
  • Understanding DFE's effects and detection is crucial for investigations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pharmacology of 1,1-Difluoroethane (DFE).
  • To address medicolegal questions regarding DFE detection and effects.
  • To provide insights into DFE's impact on traffic safety and postmortem analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of DFE pharmacology and toxicology.
  • Analysis of case studies involving DFE in impaired driving and postmortem investigations.
  • Examination of DFE detection times and concentrations in biological specimens.

Main Results:

  • DFE causes rapid CNS depressant effects, with onset in seconds and duration of minutes.
  • Impaired driving cases involving DFE frequently include collisions.
  • DFE is detectable in blood up to 3 hours post-incident, but concentrations dissipate rapidly.
  • Passive exposure unlikely to yield detectable blood/urine concentrations (>2.6 µg/mL).
  • DFE concentrations in postmortem and impaired driving cases vary widely (0.14–460 µg/mL and 0.16–140 µg/mL, respectively).

Conclusions:

  • DFE's rapid onset and short duration of effects complicate real-time impairment assessment.
  • Accurate detection and interpretation of DFE concentrations are vital for medicolegal and traffic safety investigations.
  • Alternative specimens like lung or tracheal air may be necessary for postmortem DFE analysis.