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Ethical Challenges in Pediatric Oncology Care and Clinical Trials

Daniel J Benedetti1, Jonathan M Marron2

  • 1Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2220 Pierce Avenue 397 PRB, Nashville, TN, 37232-6310, USA. daniel.benedetti@vumc.org.

Recent Results in Cancer Research. Fortschritte Der Krebsforschung. Progres Dans Les Recherches Sur Le Cancer
|May 21, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric cancer care presents unique ethical challenges distinct from adult oncology. This chapter explores informed consent, research ethics, end-of-life care, and genetic testing in children with cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Bioethics
  • Medical Ethics

Background:

  • Pediatric cancer care significantly differs from adult cancer care in disease presentation, treatment delivery, and outcomes.
  • Children are not simply small adults, necessitating a specialized approach to bioethics within pediatric oncology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce fundamental principles and frameworks for understanding ethical issues in pediatric cancer care.
  • To examine specific ethical challenges encountered by pediatric oncologists and inform readers with a foundational understanding.

Main Methods:

  • The chapter outlines the triadic nature of medical decision-making involving the physician, child-patient, and parent as surrogate.
  • It explores key ethical issues including informed consent, research involving children, end-of-life care, genetic/genomic testing, and professionalism.

Main Results:

  • Ethical considerations in pediatric cancer care are multifaceted and require specialized attention.
  • Key areas of ethical concern include informed consent, pediatric research ethics, end-of-life decisions, and genetic testing.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric bioethics is a distinct field crucial for addressing the unique ethical dilemmas in childhood cancer care.
  • Understanding these ethical principles provides a foundation for navigating complex situations in pediatric oncology and clinical research.

Keywords:
Clinical researchEmerging autonomyIncidental findingsPalliative sedationPediatric bioethicsPediatric oncologyPrecision oncologyRight to trySurrogate decision-makingTreatment refusalTruth-telling

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