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This study presents a novel microfluidic chip for precise nanoliter liquid delivery and sampling using capillaries. The system enables minimally invasive drug delivery and continuous liquid biopsy for disease monitoring.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Microfluidics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Traditional methods struggle with precise nanoliter liquid handling in small volumes.
  • Dead volume and flow control issues limit the use of capillaries in micro-scale procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a sub-millimeter microfluidic chip for accurate nanoliter droplet delivery and sampling.
  • To overcome limitations of dead volume and flow control in capillary-based liquid handling.

Main Methods:

  • Assembled sub-millimeter microfluidic chips on hydrophobic-coated capillaries (100 µm).
  • Utilized a nanopipette for droplet creation and gas propulsion through capillaries.
  • Incorporated a passive valve mechanism within the microfluidic chip for liquid-gas separation.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated delivery of 10 nanoliter droplets with minimal error (0.4 nL max).
  • Achieved both partial and full droplet delivery by adjusting pressure and microfluidic geometry.
  • Successfully performed liquid sampling from the surrounding environment.

Conclusions:

  • The developed microfluidic system enables precise nanoliter delivery and sampling for minimally invasive procedures.
  • Facilitates continuous liquid biopsy for disease monitoring and in vivo drug screening.
  • Offers a promising solution for advanced drug delivery applications.