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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 4, 2025

Author Spotlight: Deciphering the Cognitive and Neural Mechanisms of Gesture in Communication

Author Spotlight: Deciphering the Cognitive and Neural Mechanisms of Gesture in Communication

Published on: January 26, 2024

Figurative language communicates directly because it precisely demonstrates what we mean.

Herbert L Colston¹, Raymond W Gibbs

¹Department of Linguistics.

Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology = Revue Canadienne De Psychologie Experimentale

|May 27, 2021

Summary

Figurative language precisely demonstrates meaning, challenging traditional views. It efficiently communicates complex thoughts and feelings directly, meeting cognitive and social needs.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Linguistics
Philosophy of Language

Background:

Traditional views consider figurative language indirect and non-literal.
Figurative language is often seen as a rhetorical device for specific purposes.
Literal language is presumed to be the primary mode for direct and precise communication.

Purpose of the Study:

To challenge the traditional understanding of figurative language.
To propose that figurative language is efficient and direct.
To explore the cognitive and social functions of figurative language.

Main Methods:

Conceptual analysis of existing theories on figurative language.
Argumentation against the literal/figurative distinction.
Exploration of cognitive and adaptive functions.

Main Results:

Figurative language precisely demonstrates meaning, rather than obscuring it.
It is produced and understood efficiently, without requiring special effort.
Figurative language directly communicates complex thoughts and feelings.

Conclusions:

Figurative language is a direct and efficient mode of communication.
It fulfills adaptive cognitive and social needs.
The traditional view of figurative language as indirect is fundamentally flawed.