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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 3, 2025

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ROR: Nuclear Receptor for Melatonin or Not?

Haozhen Ma1,2, Jun Kang1,2, Wenguo Fan1,2

  • 1Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The complex relationship between retinoic acid-related orphan receptor (ROR) and melatonin is explored. Evidence for direct binding is debated, with recent findings suggesting indirect regulation of ROR activity by melatonin.

Keywords:
ligandmelatoninnuclear receptorretinoic acid-related orphan receptor

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Chronobiology

Background:

  • The retinoic acid-related orphan receptor (ROR) and melatonin share intricate links in expression, function, and mechanism.
  • Previous studies suggested melatonin acts as a ROR ligand, modulating its transcriptional activity, but supporting data has been retracted.
  • Recent crystallographic data challenges the direct interaction model, prompting further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the complex relationship between ROR and melatonin.
  • To examine evidence for direct binding versus indirect regulation of ROR by melatonin.
  • To provide a comprehensive perspective on their structural, expressive, functional, and mechanistic interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on ROR and melatonin interactions.
  • Analysis of crystallographic data concerning ROR and melatonin.
  • Evaluation of evidence supporting direct and indirect regulatory mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Conflicting evidence exists regarding ROR as a direct nuclear receptor for melatonin.
  • Recent crystallographic studies do not support direct binding of melatonin to ROR.
  • Alternative hypotheses propose indirect regulation of ROR activity by melatonin.

Conclusions:

  • The direct interaction between ROR and melatonin remains controversial.
  • Evidence increasingly suggests melatonin indirectly influences ROR activity.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms of ROR-melatonin interplay.