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Analysis of Raised Feature Failures on 3D Printed Injection Moulds.

Anurag Bagalkot1, Dirk Pons1, Digby Symons1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8020, New Zealand.

Polymers
|June 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Failure in 3D Printed Injection Mould (3DIM) inserts is not due to bending or shear from injection pressure. This study reveals new insights into raised feature failures, challenging existing notions for 3DIM tooling.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Manufacturing Engineering
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Polymer-based 3D Printed Injection Mould (3DIM) inserts offer cost-effective solutions for low-volume injection molding (50-500 parts).
  • A significant limitation of 3DIM is premature tool failure, resulting in a short tool lifespan.
  • The precise mechanisms behind raised feature failures in 3DIM are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the root causes of raised feature failures in 3D Printed Injection Mould inserts.
  • To challenge the commonly held belief that bending and shear failures from injection pressure cause tool failure.
  • To provide a better understanding of 3DIM failure modes to extend tool life.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of tool failure using a first-principles approach based on pressure and temperature fields from mould flow simulations.
Keywords:
additive manufacturingfailure modesinjection mouldingrapid tooling

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  • Experimental validation using two tool materials (Visijet M3-X and Digital ABS) and polycarbonate (Lexan 943A) as the part material.
  • Main Results:

    • Theoretical and experimental findings contradict the hypothesis that injection pressures cause bending and shear failures in 3DIM tools.
    • The study indicates that raised feature failures in 3DIM tooling may not always be abrupt events.

    Conclusions:

    • The prevailing explanation for 3DIM raised feature failure, attributed to bending and shear from injection pressure, is disproven.
    • This research provides a more accurate understanding of failure mechanisms in 3D Printed Injection Moulds.
    • The findings pave the way for strategies to enhance the durability and extend the operational life of 3DIM tooling.