[IMMUNE DISORDERS AND THEIR ROLE IN ABORTION].

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Reproductive Medicine

Background:

• Recurrent miscarriage affects a significant number of women.
• The immunological factors contributing to pregnancy termination are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the relationship between specific immunological parameters and pregnancy termination.
• To identify the role of immune system shifts in early pregnancy loss.

Main Methods:

• Enzyme immunoassay was used to measure peripheral blood natural killer (pNK) cells (CD16+), interleukins (IL2, IL6, IL10), TNF-α, VEGF, and γ-INF.
• Study included 28 women with a history of 2 or more miscarriages, examined post-termination (up to 12 weeks).
• A control group of 20 healthy non-pregnant women was included for comparison.

Main Results:

• Women with recurrent miscarriage showed significantly increased pNK - CD16+ cell activity (27.5%, p<0.01) compared to controls.
• Elevated levels of TNF-α (39.0 pg/ml vs. 27.5 pg/ml, p<0.05) and IL6 (28.5 pg/ml vs. 13.95 pg/ml, p<0.01) were observed post-termination in women with miscarriage history.
• These findings suggest immune system dysregulation in women experiencing recurrent pregnancy loss.

Conclusions:

• Immune system dysregulation, characterized by increased pNK cell activity and elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL6), is associated with first-trimester pregnancy termination.
• These immunological shifts may play a crucial role in the etiology of recurrent miscarriage.