Developing a Framework for Pandemic COVID-19 Vaccine Allocation: a Modified Delphi Consensus Study in Korea.

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Infectious Disease Epidemiology
• Vaccinology

Background:

• Limited severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine supply necessitates a strategic allocation framework.
• Existing pandemic strategies require analysis to inform vaccine distribution protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a framework for the allocation and distribution of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
• To establish a step-by-step vaccination strategy and prioritization for the Republic of Korea.

Main Methods:

• A modified Delphi survey was administered to 13 experts in vaccination, infectious disease, and public health.
• Literature review and analysis of international pandemic strategies informed the survey.
• Two rounds of surveys and expert consensus meetings were conducted to define objectives, criteria, and prioritization.

Main Results:

• Vaccination objectives include maintaining healthcare integrity, reducing morbidity/mortality, and community transmission.
• Initial prioritization: care home residents, high-risk health/social care workers.
• Subsequent phases prioritize older adults, individuals with comorbidities, essential workers, and broader age groups as supply increases.

Conclusions:

• The developed framework offers crucial insights for national-level vaccine allocation decision-making.
• Adaptability and flexibility are vital for evolving vaccination strategies amidst emerging information.