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NEOPLASIA IN CAPTIVE CRANES.

Shawna Hawkins1, Michael M Garner2, Barry K Hartup3,4

  • 1Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA, shawkins0902@gmail.com.

Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine : Official Publication of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians
|June 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neoplasia affects 7.35% of cranes, with digestive and urinary systems most impacted. While metastasis is common in some tumor types, overall metastasis rates in cranes are lower than in other avian species.

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Area of Science:

  • Avian pathology
  • Veterinary oncology
  • Wildlife disease surveillance

Background:

  • Neoplasia is a significant health concern in avian species.
  • Limited large-scale studies exist on neoplasia prevalence and characteristics in cranes (family Gruidae).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and types of neoplasia in cranes.
  • To analyze metastasis rates and affected organ systems.
  • To compare neoplasia rates in cranes to other avian species.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of necropsy and histologic reports from 446 cranes across 15 species.
  • Data sourced from the International Crane Foundation (ICF) and Northwest ZooPath (NWZP) from 1993-2019.
  • Calculation of disease prevalence, metastasis rates, and identification of neoplasm types and affected systems.

Main Results:

  • Overall neoplasia prevalence was 7.35% (32/435), with a 31.8% metastasis rate.
  • Geriatric cranes were most affected (60%); digestive (27.3%) and urinary (18.2%) systems were most frequently involved.
  • Carcinomas (34.0%) were most common; hematopoietic, reproductive, and respiratory tumors showed 100% metastasis.

Conclusions:

  • Cranes exhibit a high prevalence of neoplasia but a comparatively low metastasis rate.
  • Eurasian, demoiselle, and wattled cranes showed the highest species-specific neoplasia rates.
  • This study provides the first large-scale data on neoplasia in cranes, highlighting key pathological features.