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Histomorphological analysis of gastric polyps
Anjali D Amarapurkar1, Kshitija M Kale1, Leena P Naik1
1Department of Pathology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and Sion Hospital, Mumbai, India.
Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology
|June 17, 2021
Summary
Gastric polyps, most commonly fundic gland type, were found in 4% of endoscopies. Early detection and biopsy of gastric polyps are crucial for preventing gastric cancer progression.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Pathology
- Oncology
Background:
- Gastric carcinoma and polyp incidence is increasing globally.
- Gastric carcinogenesis can occur via chronic atrophic gastritis to intestinal metaplasia or the adenoma-carcinoma sequence.
- Understanding polyp characteristics is vital for cancer prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of gastric polyps.
- To analyze the endoscopic and histomorphological features of gastric polyps.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 10,800 upper gastrointestinal endoscopies from 2012-2019.
- Data collection included demographics, endoscopic findings, and histopathology.
- Gastric polyps classified using standard criteria, noting dysplasia, adenoma, or malignancy.
Main Results:
- Gastric polyps detected in 4% (434/10,800) of patients, with a higher incidence in the last four years.
- Most polyps were small (<1 cm), located in the gastric antrum, and found in individuals aged around 55 years (M:F ratio 1:1.2).
- Fundic gland polyps (33.8%) were most common, followed by hyperplastic polyps (29.4%). Adenomatous features were noted in 2% of polyps.
Conclusions:
- Fundic gland polyps are the most frequent type identified.
- Endoscopic identification and biopsy of gastric polyps are essential for early diagnosis and intervention.
- Proactive management of gastric polyps can mitigate the risk of progression to gastric carcinoma.
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