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Related Concept Videos

Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers01:08

Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers

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Step growth polymerization involves bi or multifunctional monomers. Bifunctional monomers react to form linear step growth polymers, whereas multifunctional monomers react to form non-linear or branched polymers.
As the step-growth polymerization involves step-wise condensation of monomers, the molecular weight also builds up eventually. Consequently, high molecular weight polymers are obtained at the late stages of the polymerization, where 99% of monomers have been consumed.
The extent of the...
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Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies01:38

Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies

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Intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) are small vesicles 50-80 nm in diameter formed during the maturation of early endosomes. A specialized endosome containing numerous ILVs is called a multivesicular body (MVB). ILVs contain internalized molecules such as antigens, nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites. Some of these molecules are released from the MVBs inside exosomes and are transported to other cells. Other MVBs contain molecules that are retained in the ILVs and are later degraded within the...
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Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Updated: Nov 1, 2025

Forming Giant-sized Polymersomes Using Gel-assisted Rehydration
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Forming Giant-sized Polymersomes Using Gel-assisted Rehydration

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Recent Progress in Polymer Cubosomes and Hexosomes.

Hui Chen1, Min-Hui Li1

  • 1Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, UMR8247, Paris, 75005, France.

Macromolecular Rapid Communications
|June 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polymer cubosomes and hexosomes are advanced colloidal structures with unique internal networks. Their tunable properties and high loading capacity offer significant potential in materials science and nanotechnology.

Keywords:
amphiphilic block copolymersinverted lyotropic liquid crystal phasesmesoporous colloidspolymer cubosomes and hexosomesself-assembly

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Area of Science:

  • Colloid and Surface Science
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Polymer cubosomes and hexosomes are colloidal particles featuring inverted lyotropic liquid crystal phases.
  • They consist of water channels within amphiphilic block copolymer bilayers.
  • These structures offer advantages over micelles and vesicles due to their ordered, tunable nature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in polymer cubosomes and hexosomes.
  • To highlight polymer architectures, self-assembly, and applications.
  • To provide guidance for researchers in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of polymer cubosome and hexosome research.
  • Analysis of polymer architectures and self-assembly mechanisms.
  • Compilation of application examples.

Main Results:

  • Polymer cubosomes and hexosomes exhibit uniform, ordered porous structures.
  • They offer high loading volumes for diverse substances and large surface areas.
  • Tunable polymer chemistry allows for adjustable physical and chemical properties.

Conclusions:

  • Polymer cubosomes and hexosomes are promising for materials science and nanotechnology.
  • Their unique structure and properties facilitate diverse applications.
  • Further research can leverage their design flexibility for targeted uses.