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Nucleic Acid Structure

Nucleic Acid Structure

The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA...

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Updated: Nov 1, 2025

Self-Assembly of Gamma-Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids into Complex Nanostructures in Organic Solvent Mixtures

Self-Assembly of Gamma-Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids into Complex Nanostructures in Organic Solvent Mixtures

Published on: June 26, 2020

Self-Assembling Nucleic Acid Nanostructures Functionalized with Aptamers.

Abhichart Krissanaprasit¹, Carson M Key², Sahil Pontula^3,4

¹Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States.

Chemical Reviews

|June 22, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers are advancing nucleic acid nanotechnology by creating self-assembling DNA and RNA nanostructures. These structures, functionalized with aptamers, offer powerful molecular recognition for bioengineering applications.

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Folding and Characterization of a Bio-responsive Robot from DNA Origami

Folding and Characterization of a Bio-responsive Robot from DNA Origami

Published on: December 3, 2015

Area of Science:

Biomolecular Design
Nucleic Acid Nanotechnology
Synthetic Biology

Background:

Decades of research aim to replicate natural biomolecular self-assembly for artificial systems.
Nucleic acid assembly rules (e.g., Watson-Crick base-pairing) are better understood than protein folding.
This has led to faster advancements in DNA and RNA design compared to de novo protein design.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the development of self-assembling nucleic acid nanostructures.
To highlight the functionalization of these structures with nucleic acid aptamers.
To discuss their potential in various application areas.

Main Methods:

Combining structural motifs with aptamers for molecular recognition.
Designing and assembling nucleic acid-based nanostructures.
Reviewing recent progress in DNA and RNA design for self-assembly.

Main Results:

Significant progress has been made in DNA and RNA design for self-assembly.
Nucleic acid nanostructures functionalized with aptamers offer powerful molecular recognition.
These assemblies form a versatile toolbox for bioengineers.

Conclusions:

Self-assembling nucleic acid nanostructures with aptamers hold great potential for bioengineering.
They can be used to create molecules with revolutionary biological activities.
Further development promises wide-ranging applications in diverse fields.