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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 1, 2025

Author Spotlight: Exploring Autism Spectrum Disorder Symptoms in Fruit Flies &#8212; Genetic Models and Behavioral Tests
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Phenotypic overlap between atopic dermatitis and autism.

Kyong-Oh Shin1, Debra A Crumrine2, Sungeun Kim1

  • 1Department of Food Science/Nutrition, & Convergence Program of Material Science for Medicine/Pharmaceutics, and the Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea.

BMC Neuroscience
|June 23, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and atopic dermatitis (AD) share early biological markers in a valproic acid mouse model. This suggests a potential link between neurodevelopmental and skin conditions, impacting both brain and epidermal tissues.

Keywords:
Atopic dermatitisAutismAutism spectrum disordersBlood–brain barrierIFNγIL-4, 5, 13 and 17ATNFαValproic acid mouse model

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a childhood behavioral disorder with multifactorial etiology.
  • Approximately 10% of ASD cases are associated with atopic dermatitis (AD), with increased prevalence correlating with AD severity.
  • No common causative mutations have been identified for ASD and AD, prompting investigation into shared pathogenic mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential link between ASD and AD in the valproic acid (VPA) mouse model.
  • To explore cutaneous involvement in ASD using the BALB/c mouse strain.
  • To identify shared biological markers and pathways in concurrent ASD and AD phenotypes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the VPA-induced mouse model of ASD, administering VPA to pregnant BALB/c mice.
  • Examined brain, skin, and blood samples at various postnatal time points for histological and molecular analysis.
  • Quantified tissue sphingolipid content and cytokine levels, including interleukins (IL) and interferon-gamma (IFNγ).

Main Results:

  • AD-like changes in ceramide content were observed in both skin and brain by one day postpartum in VPA-treated mice.
  • Temporal co-emergence of AD and ASD phenotypes correlated with early cytokine markers (IL-4, 5, 13) and mast cells in skin and brain.
  • High IFNγ levels in skin and brain were associated with decreased esterified very-long-chain N-acyl fatty acids in brain ceramides, mirroring AD-related changes.

Conclusions:

  • Concurrent neurodevelopmental and epidermal toxicity may underlie the baseline involvement of both AD and ASD.
  • The brain and epidermis share susceptibility to neurotoxins like VPA due to their common embryonic origin from the neuroectoderm.
  • These findings suggest that the atopic diathesis, or predisposition to allergic diseases, may extend to include ASD.