Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 1, 2025
Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
Published on: January 17, 2018
Adrenal Ganglioneuroma
R Kayastha1, R Acharya1, S Pradhan1
1Department of Radiology, Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Abstract:
Adrenal ganglioneuromas are rare sympathetic differentiated tumors which originate from neural crest cells. These lesions are usually discovered incidentally on imaging and tend to be hormonally silent. Preoperative diagnosis of adrenal ganglioneuroma remains extremely challenging and the gold standard treatment is adrenalectomy. There is good prognosis after surgery without recurrence. We herein report a case of adrenal ganglioneuroma in a 15 year old female who presented with complaint of abdominal discomfort. Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography abdomen showed a large septated hypodense right suprarenal mass which was echogenic on Ultrasonography. It showed T1 hypointense and T2 hyperintense signal on Magnetic Resonance Imaging of abdomen and pelvis. Excisional biopsy and histological examination of the mass was suggestive of adrenal ganglioneuroma. This report presents the clinical and radiological data for the rare tumor which would share some experience to facililate the diagnosis of adrenal ganglioneuroma.
Related Concept Videos
01:27Adrenal Gland Disorders
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
01:17Anatomy of the Adrenal Glands
These glands possess a distinctive yellow tinge due to the stored cholesterol and fatty acids required for hormone synthesis. They are encased in a fibrous capsule and cushioned by fat.
The adrenal gland comprises two distinct...
01:27Sympathetic Pathways: Collateral Ganglia and Adrenal Medulla
Collateral Ganglia
Sympathetic preganglionic axons reach the collateral ganglia along the route of splanchnic nerves. These nerves bypass the sympathetic trunk and communicate with sympathetic postganglionic neurons housed in the prevertebral ganglia. These ganglia supply the organs of the abdominopelvic cavity.
The greater splanchnic nerve, formed by the...
01:23Drugs Acting on Autonomic Ganglia: Stimulants
Ganglionic stimulants activate NM nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia, falling into two categories: nicotine mimetics [e.g., lobeline, dimethylpiperazine, tetramethylammonium] and muscarinic receptor agonists [e.g., muscarine, methacholine]. The first category's action is rapid and blocked by nicotinic receptor antagonists, while the second category's action is delayed and blocked by atropine-like agents. Nicotine, an alkaloid, affects the heart rate by stimulating...
01:31Hormones of the Adrenal Glands
The adrenal cortex, a powerhouse of hormone synthesis, generates over two dozen corticosteroid hormones. The zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids, exemplified by aldosterone, influencing the electrolyte composition of body fluids. The synthesis of glucocorticoids such as cortisol and...
01:24Peripheral Nervous System: Ganglia and Nerves
Nerves
The nerve is a bundle of axons that serves as the communication highway in the PNS. Each nerve is ensheathed in a protective layer of connective tissue called the epineurium. This outermost layer safeguards the nerve and supports the...