Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

519
Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round...
519
Metacognition01:26

Metacognition

366
Metacognition is a conscious process where individuals are aware of their cognitive and executive processes, such as planning before solving a problem or self-monitoring during reading. For instance, a writer may need help with composing a piece. The situation involves a writer who is working on a piece of writing, but while doing so, they realize that something is missing. They notice that their characters lack depth or details. This realization occurs because the writer is reflecting on their...
366
Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

1.3K
Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
1.3K
Perceptual Constancy01:12

Perceptual Constancy

776
Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
776
Vision01:24

Vision

57.5K
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
57.5K
Hindsight Biases01:12

Hindsight Biases

4.1K
Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now? 
4.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Disinformation elicits learning biases.

eLife·2026
Same author

Metacognition and post-decisional processing in clinical decision-making.

Presse medicale (Paris, France : 1983)·2026
Same author

Looking ahead: Sensory horizons and the science of consciousness.

The Behavioral and brain sciences·2026
Same author

Consciousness science as a marketplace of rationalizations.

The Behavioral and brain sciences·2026
Same author

A neuronal basis for mental imagery.

Cell research·2026
Same author

The act of detecting a stimulus contaminates measures of conscious experience with decision biases.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Perceptual learning without feedback is accompanied with systematic changes in confidence processing.

Neuroscience of consciousness·2026
Same journal

I sync, therefore I am: brain-body synchrony in typical and disordered consciousness.

Neuroscience of consciousness·2026
Same journal

The Rhythmic Embodied Perception Framework of breath, brain, and perception.

Neuroscience of consciousness·2026
Same journal

Temporal recalibration in schizophrenia: a compensatory timing trap?

Neuroscience of consciousness·2026
Same journal

Aidification of the self: a phenomenological approach to machine consciousness through human-robot 'between-ness'.

Neuroscience of consciousness·2026
Same journal

Confidence in naturalistic decision making.

Neuroscience of consciousness·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 1, 2025

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
07:12

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

635

Metacognitive asymmetries in visual perception.

Matan Mazor1, Rani Moran2, Stephen M Fleming1,2,3

  • 1Institute of Neurology, Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK.

Neuroscience of Consciousness
|June 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

People are more aware of what is present than absent. This study investigated if this awareness difference applies to object parts, visual features, and unexpected events, linking it to default reasoning.

Keywords:
absencemetacognitionpresence

More Related Videos

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior
09:49

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

Published on: April 16, 2014

26.5K
Generating Strictly Controlled Stimuli for Figure Recognition Experiments
05:39

Generating Strictly Controlled Stimuli for Figure Recognition Experiments

Published on: March 18, 2019

5.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 1, 2025

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss
07:12

Development of a Gaze-Contingent Display Framework Designed for Perceptual and Oculomotor Research with Simulated Central Vision Loss

Published on: April 11, 2025

635
Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior
09:49

Methods to Explore the Influence of Top-down Visual Processes on Motor Behavior

Published on: April 16, 2014

26.5K
Generating Strictly Controlled Stimuli for Figure Recognition Experiments
05:39

Generating Strictly Controlled Stimuli for Figure Recognition Experiments

Published on: March 18, 2019

5.4K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Visual Perception
  • Metacognition

Background:

  • Metacognitive sensitivity is higher for detecting object presence versus absence.
  • This presence-absence asymmetry may extend to object parts, visual features, and violations of default states.
  • Absence might be a default state, with presence being a surprising, default-violating signal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if metacognitive asymmetry extends to feature-level and default-violation judgments.
  • To investigate the relationship between representing absence and general default reasoning.
  • To compare metacognitive sensitivity for presence versus absence at different representational levels.

Main Methods:

  • Participants performed discrimination tasks involving stimuli differing in feature presence/absence.
  • Judgments were made on stimuli varying in their adherence to an expected default state.
  • Metacognitive sensitivity was measured for both types of discrimination.

Main Results:

  • Metacognitive sensitivity for presence versus absence was assessed across different representational levels.
  • The study explored potential links between absence representation and default reasoning processes.
  • Findings contribute to understanding the cognitive basis of presence-absence asymmetries.

Conclusions:

  • The study examined the generalizability of metacognitive asymmetries in presence-absence judgments.
  • It tested whether these asymmetries extend to feature-level and default-violation detection.
  • Results inform theories on how the brain represents absence and defaults.