Interaction between Aeroallergens and Airborne Particulate Matter

The in situ interaction between pollen and airborne particulate matter (APM) as well as the effect of extracts of APM on grass pollen (Dactylis glomerata) was studied. The samples were processed for structural analysis using scanning and transmission electron microscopy as well as for determination of protein content and release using immunoblot techniques. The results indicate a direct in situ interaction between pollen surfaces and APM. This effect is prominent in industrialized regions with high emission of organic pollutants. It is also found to occur near roads with heavy traffic. There is morphological evidence for preactivation of pollen by organic extracts of APM. Aqueous extracts, however, directly induce the release of allergens with altered antigenicity. It is concluded that the generation and release of allergenic aerosols in a humidified air is initiated and mediated by substances adsorbed to APM.