Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Optimizing Chromatographic Separations01:15

Optimizing Chromatographic Separations

579
Optimizing chromatographic separations is crucial for obtaining clean separations in a minimum amount of time. Optimization is required for several factors, including kinetic effects related to band broadening, plate height, capacity factor, and separation factor.
Band broadening refers to spreading solute bands as they travel through the column. This broadening can impact resolution. Plate height (H) represents the length required for one theoretical plate. A lower plate height corresponds to...
579
Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution: Problem Solving01:20

Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution: Problem Solving

1.9K
Individual molecules in a gas move in random directions, but a gas containing numerous molecules has a predictable distribution of molecular speeds, which is known as the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, f(v).
This distribution function f(v) is defined by saying that the expected number N (v1,v2) of particles with speeds between v1 and v2 is given by
1.9K
Gaussian Elimination: Problem Solving01:30

Gaussian Elimination: Problem Solving

47
Systems of linear equations in several variables are pivotal in modeling complex scenarios involving multiple unknowns and constraints. Such systems are widely used in various fields to represent relationships where several conditions must be simultaneously satisfied. Each variable in the system corresponds to an unknown quantity, while each equation imposes a linear constraint, leading to a structured approach for analyzing and solving real-world problems.A system of three equations with three...
47
Thermal Sigmatropic Reactions: Overview01:16

Thermal Sigmatropic Reactions: Overview

2.2K
Sigmatropic rearrangements are a class of pericyclic reactions in which a σ bond migrates from one part of a π system to another. These are intramolecular rearrangements where the total number of σ and π bonds remain unchanged.
Sigmatropic shifts are classified based on an order term [i, j ], where i and j indicate the number of atoms across which each end of the σ bond migrates. Below are examples of a [3,3] sigmatropic shift in 1,5-hexadiene, referred...
2.2K
One-Compartment Open Model: Wagner-Nelson and Loo Riegelman Method for ka Estimation01:24

One-Compartment Open Model: Wagner-Nelson and Loo Riegelman Method for ka Estimation

845
This lesson introduces two critical methods in pharmacokinetics, the Wagner-Nelson and Loo-Riegelman methods, used for estimating the absorption rate constant (ka) for drugs administered via non-intravenous routes. The Wagner-Nelson method relates ka to the plasma concentration derived from the slope of a semilog percent unabsorbed time plot. However, it is limited to drugs with one-compartment kinetics and can be impacted by factors like gastrointestinal motility or enzymatic degradation.
On...
845

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Perspectives on successful ageing from Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Sistergirl and Brotherboy people in Australia: An exploratory content analysis.

Australasian journal on ageing·2025
Same author

LGBT+ concerns of ageing and accessing aged care services in Australia: A cross-sectional study.

Australasian journal on ageing·2025
Same author

Fostering healthy cognitive ageing in people living with HIV.

The lancet. HIV·2024
Same author

Perceptions of nicotine vaping products among Australians living with HIV.

AIDS care·2024
Same author

HIV associated neurocognitive disorder screening and diagnosis pathways in Australia: a scoping review and international implications.

AIDS care·2024
Same author

Developing critical HIV health literacy: insights from interviews with priority migrant communities in Queensland, Australia.

Culture, health & sexuality·2023
Same journal

Improving Sterile Processing Operational Efficiency through Organizational Change.

Biomedical instrumentation & technology·2026
Same journal

Detecting Secondary Medication Infusion Errors via Spectrophotometry.

Biomedical instrumentation & technology·2026
Same journal

Inactivation of Endotoxin by Moist Heat, Electron Beam, and Gamma Irradiation.

Biomedical instrumentation & technology·2026
Same journal

Biological Indicators and Process Challenge Devices for Nitrogen Dioxide Sterilization.

Biomedical instrumentation & technology·2026
Same journal

Laparoscopic Instrument Defect Detection: A Prospective, Multisite Study.

Biomedical instrumentation & technology·2026
Same journal

Impact of Leadership Structures on Sterile Processing Performance and Patient Safety.

Biomedical instrumentation & technology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 1, 2025

Generic Protocol for Optimization of Heterologous Protein Production Using Automated Microbioreactor Technology
06:24

Generic Protocol for Optimization of Heterologous Protein Production Using Automated Microbioreactor Technology

Published on: December 15, 2017

10.3K

Optimizing the Gamma Process.

Chris Howard

    Biomedical Instrumentation & Technology
    |June 25, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Optimizing cobalt-60 (Co-60) gamma irradiator efficiency involves redistributing sources for better dose uniformity and throughput. Modifications to equipment and optimized scheduling further enhance process efficiencies for improved product processing.

    More Related Videos

    Optimization of Radiochemical Reactions using Droplet Arrays
    10:54

    Optimization of Radiochemical Reactions using Droplet Arrays

    Published on: February 12, 2021

    3.6K
    Visualization of Low-Level Gamma Radiation Sources Using a Low-Cost, High-Sensitivity, Omnidirectional Compton Camera
    06:28

    Visualization of Low-Level Gamma Radiation Sources Using a Low-Cost, High-Sensitivity, Omnidirectional Compton Camera

    Published on: January 30, 2020

    12.9K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Nov 1, 2025

    Generic Protocol for Optimization of Heterologous Protein Production Using Automated Microbioreactor Technology
    06:24

    Generic Protocol for Optimization of Heterologous Protein Production Using Automated Microbioreactor Technology

    Published on: December 15, 2017

    10.3K
    Optimization of Radiochemical Reactions using Droplet Arrays
    10:54

    Optimization of Radiochemical Reactions using Droplet Arrays

    Published on: February 12, 2021

    3.6K
    Visualization of Low-Level Gamma Radiation Sources Using a Low-Cost, High-Sensitivity, Omnidirectional Compton Camera
    06:28

    Visualization of Low-Level Gamma Radiation Sources Using a Low-Cost, High-Sensitivity, Omnidirectional Compton Camera

    Published on: January 30, 2020

    12.9K

    Area of Science:

    • Radiological Sciences
    • Industrial Irradiation
    • Nuclear Engineering

    Background:

    • Gamma irradiation facilities utilize cobalt-60 (Co-60) as a primary source for various applications.
    • Efficient utilization of Co-60 is crucial for maximizing throughput and ensuring dose consistency in irradiated products.
    • Current methods may present opportunities for optimization in source arrangement and operational processes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore strategies for enhancing the efficiency of cobalt-60 utilization in gamma irradiators.
    • To investigate the impact of source redistribution on dose uniformity and product throughput.
    • To identify equipment modifications and scheduling optimizations for improved process efficiency.

    Main Methods:

    • Simulation and analysis of Co-60 source rack configurations.
    • Evaluation of equipment modifications, including carrier wall thickness reduction.
    • Assessment of product stacking configurations and their effect on irradiation.
    • Development and analysis of optimized product scheduling and transition protocols.

    Main Results:

    • Redistributing Co-60 sources within the rack can significantly improve dose uniformity and throughput.
    • Reducing carrier wall thickness and adjusting product stack size offer further efficiency gains.
    • Optimized scheduling, including product order and transition management, maximizes overall process efficiency.

    Conclusions:

    • Strategic redistribution of Co-60 sources is a key factor in enhancing gamma irradiator performance.
    • Equipment modifications and intelligent scheduling are vital for maximizing operational efficiency and product quality.
    • Implementing these strategies leads to substantial improvements in Co-60 utilization and irradiator throughput.