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Published on: August 21, 2017
Acute Flaccid Myelitis
William Ide1, Michelle Melicosta2, Melissa K Trovato1
1Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, Kennedy Krieger Institute, 707 North Broadway, Ste. 232, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
Abstract:
Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is an incompletely understood neurologic disorder occurring in epidemic fashion causing weakness ranging from mild paresis to devastating paralysis in children and some adults. This article reviews the case definition of AFM as well as its epidemiology and association with enteroviral infection. The clinical presentation, diagnostic investigation with particular attention to electrodiagnostics, acute management, and surgical options are described. Clinical outcomes and considerations for acute and long-term rehabilitation management are discussed extensively based on review of current literature, highlighting avenues for further study.
Insights
Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is a neurologic disorder causing muscle weakness and paralysis, often linked to enteroviral infections. This review covers AFM
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is a rare neurologic condition characterized by sudden muscle weakness.
- AFM presents with epidemic patterns and is incompletely understood.
- Enteroviral infections are frequently associated with AFM outbreaks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of acute flaccid myelitis (AFM).
- To consolidate information on AFM's definition, epidemiology, and associations.
- To describe clinical presentation, diagnostics, management, and rehabilitation.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current research on acute flaccid myelitis.
- Analysis of case definitions, epidemiological data, and enteroviral associations.
- Synthesis of information on clinical features, diagnostic tools, and treatment strategies.
Main Results:
- AFM causes weakness ranging from mild paresis to severe paralysis.
- Diagnostic investigations, including electrodiagnostics, are crucial for AFM.
- Management includes acute care, surgical options, and rehabilitation.
Conclusions:
- Further research is needed to fully understand AFM.
- Comprehensive management strategies are essential for AFM patients.
- Early diagnosis and intervention improve outcomes for acute flaccid myelitis.
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