Neurocognitive Functions in Bipolar Disorder in Relation to Comorbid ADHD
Hidayet Ece Arat Çelik1,2, Deniz Ceylan3, Ceren Hidiroğlu Ongun4
1Maltepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, İstanbul, Turkey.
Noro Psikiyatri Arsivi
|June 30, 2021
Summary
Adults with bipolar disorder (BD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show similar neurocognitive deficits. These findings highlight overlapping cognitive challenges in comorbid BD and ADHD, suggesting shared underlying mechanisms.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Cognitive Psychology
Background:
- Bipolar disorder (BD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) frequently co-occur in adults.
- Both BD and ADHD are associated with neurocognitive and behavioral impairments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare neurocognitive functions in adults with comorbid BD and ADHD (BD+ADHD).
- To assess neurocognitive performance in BD+ADHD against individuals with BD only, ADHD only, and healthy controls (HCs).
Main Methods:
- Utilized an extensive cognitive battery to assess various neurocognitive domains.
- Included adult patients (18-65 years) with BD (n=37), ADHD (n=43), BD+ADHD (n=20), and HCs (n=51).
- Employed Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) with age, education, and BIS-11 scores as covariates.
Main Results:
- Both BD and BD+ADHD groups exhibited poorer performance in processing speed, attention, executive functions, and verbal fluency compared to HCs.
- The BD group showed additional deficits in executive functions, verbal learning, and memory.
- No significant differences were found between BD and BD+ADHD groups across most cognitive domains; ADHD-only patients were impaired in verbal fluency.
Conclusions:
- Adults with BD and those with comorbid BD+ADHD display comparable neurocognitive deficits.
- Findings suggest a need to further investigate the distinct and shared neurodevelopmental pathways of BD and ADHD.
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