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Updated: Oct 31, 2025
06:43
Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management
Published on: November 21, 2017
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Development of a Resting Energy Expenditure Estimation in Patients Undergoing Targeted Temperature Management with a
Neeraj Badjatia1, Joseph Haymore2, Marc E Voorhees3
1Program in Trauma, Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Therapeutic Hypothermia and Temperature Management
|June 30, 2021
Summary
Resting energy expenditure (REE) during targeted temperature management (TTM) can be accurately estimated using data from a temperature modulating device (TMD) and patient demographics. This method aids in managing shivering and malnutrition during TTM.
Area of Science:
- Critical Care Medicine
- Physiology
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Targeted temperature management (TTM) influences patient energy expenditure through temperature modulation and shivering.
- Accurate estimation of resting energy expenditure (REE) is crucial for optimizing patient care during TTM.
- Current methods for assessing REE may not be readily available or practical in all TTM settings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if REE can be accurately estimated using data from a surface gel pad temperature modulating device (TMD) combined with demographic factors.
- To develop a method for real-time REE calculation during TTM.
- To assess the potential of this method in mitigating complications like shivering and malnutrition.
Main Methods:
- Collected baseline demographic data, temperature, sedation, shivering scores, and indirect calorimetry (IDC) data from patients undergoing TTM.
- Synchronized and averaged data from IDC and TMD over 60-second intervals.
- Calculated heat transfer from the TMD using water temperatures and flow rates.
- Utilized linear regression to identify factors associated with REE and Bland-Altman analysis to assess accuracy.
Main Results:
- Factors associated with REE included older age, male sex, higher body surface area (BSA), higher patient temperature, and lower heat transfer.
- The difference between estimated REE and measured REE by IDC was 6.2 calories/min (95% CI: -14.1 to 26.5).
- The developed model showed good agreement with IDC measurements, indicating accurate REE estimation.
Conclusions:
- Heat transfer data from TMDs, along with patient clinical characteristics, can effectively calculate REE during TTM.
- This approach offers a practical method for continuous REE monitoring.
- The findings support the use of TMD data for managing shivering and nutritional status in TTM patients.
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