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Multi-Validity Process and Factor-Invariance. Perceived Self-Efficacy-Scale for the Prevention of Obesity in Preteens
Gilda Gómez-Peresmitré1, Romana Silvia Platas Acevedo1, Gisela Pineda-García2
1Faculty of Psychology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Av. Universidad 3004 Col Copilco-Universidad, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Mexico City C.P. 04510, Mexico.
Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 2, 2021
Summary
A new scale measuring self-efficacy for obesity prevention in adolescents was developed. The scale demonstrates strong validity and reliability, particularly for girls, with a two-factor structure for physical activity and healthy eating.
Area of Science:
- Adolescent Health
- Psychometrics
- Obesity Prevention
Background:
- Lack of validated self-efficacy scales for adolescent obesity prevention.
- Need for psychometrically sound instruments to assess self-efficacy in early adolescence.
- Obesity rates in Mexico City and other Mexican cities necessitate targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a robust psychometric instrument for assessing self-efficacy related to obesity prevention in early adolescence.
- To evaluate the validity and reliability of the Perceived Self-efficacy Scale for Obesity Prevention.
- To examine the factor structure and invariance of the scale across genders.
Main Methods:
- Utilized nonrandom samples of 2371 early adolescents (boys and girls) from Mexico City and other Mexican cities.
- Applied a multi-validity process and structural invariance analysis.
- Employed a two-factor model (physical activity and healthy eating) for scale assessment.
Main Results:
- A two-factor model (physical activity, healthy eating) demonstrated high effect sizes for both girls (R²=0.88) and boys (R²=0.87).
- Each factor explained over half the variance with high reliability coefficients and acceptable adjustment rates.
- The self-efficacy scale exhibited an invariant factor structure, indicating psychometric equivalence between genders.
Conclusions:
- The Perceived Self-efficacy Scale for Obesity Prevention is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing self-efficacy in early adolescents.
- A two-factor structure encompassing physical activity and healthy eating is feasible and appropriate.
- The scale's psychometric properties support its use in obesity prevention programs targeting adolescents, with noted invariance between genders.
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