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Errors in Global Positioning System01:26

Errors in Global Positioning System

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Global Positioning System (GPS) technology has revolutionized navigation and positioning, but its accuracy is often compromised by various errors. These errors, stemming from environmental, satellite, and receiver-related factors, require careful mitigation to ensure reliable performance across applications.Atmospheric ErrorsGPS signals travel through the Earth’s ionosphere and troposphere, introducing delays which affect accuracy. The ionosphere is strongly influenced by charged particles,...
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Design Example: Identifying the Locations of Monuments in the Field Using Global Positioning System Device01:30

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Surveyors use Global Positioning System (GPS) technology to measure the precise location and elevation of points on Earth. In a recent survey, GPS receivers were used to determine the coordinates and elevations of two park monuments. The process involved careful mission planning, data collection, and correction to ensure accuracy. The survey began with mission planning to identify optimal satellite visibility and minimize Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP). A geodetic control point...
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Field Application of Global Positioning System01:28

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The Global Positioning System (GPS) has become an indispensable tool in fieldwork, offering unparalleled precision and efficiency for surveying, navigation, and infrastructure development. By harnessing signals from a constellation of satellites, GPS receivers determine the location of objects with remarkable speed and accuracy, often completing calculations within a second.Advantages of Modern GPS TechnologyContemporary GPS receivers are designed to meet the practical demands of field...
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Types of Global Positioning System Surveys01:30

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GPS surveying methods vary in application, accuracy, and data collection techniques, catering to diverse surveying and mapping needs. Static GPS, kinematic GPS, and real-time kinematic (RTK) surveying are widely used. Each technique offers distinct advantages.Static GPS involves placing one receiver at a known reference point and another at the target point. It collects exact positional data by observing multiple satellite ranges over an extended period, achieving centimeter-level accuracy for...
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Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments01:30

Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments

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Electronic Distance Measuring Instruments (EDMs) are essential tools in modern surveying, offering precise distance measurements by emitting electromagnetic signals and calculating the time required for these signals to travel to a target and return. Two primary types of signals are used in EDMs — light waves and microwaves — each suited to specific environmental and distance requirements. Light-wave-based EDMs utilize either infrared or laser light, providing high accuracy over...
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Distance Measurements by Taping01:18

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Tapes are essential in surveying for accurate, durable, and short-distance measurements. Made from lightweight, nylon-coated steel, they offer flexibility and strength for rugged outdoor use. The nylon coating protects against rust and wear, extending the tape's life. Standard lengths, around 30 meters, are marked in meters and millimeters for precision.Surveyors select tapes based on site conditions and accuracy needs. Lightweight, nylon-coated tapes are commonly used for ease of handling and...
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Using a Real-Time Locating System to Measure Walking Activity Associated with Wandering Behaviors Among Institutionalized Older Adults
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Using Smart Virtual-Sensor Nodes to Improve the Robustness of Indoor Localization Systems.

Guilherme Pedrollo1, Andréa Aparecida Konzen1, Wagner Ourique de Morais2

  • 1School of Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores using neural networks to create virtual sensors for monitoring systems when real sensors fail. This approach can help maintain continuous tracking of individuals in healthcare settings.

Keywords:
indoor localizationmachine learningneural networksvirtual sensorwireless sensor network

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Computer Science
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • E-health systems require reliable monitoring for vulnerable populations (elderly, disabled).
  • Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are crucial for indoor localization in healthcare.
  • Sensor unavailability in WSN can compromise patient monitoring systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the feasibility of using virtual sensors to replace unavailable nodes in WSN for indoor localization.
  • To model and artificially reproduce the path of a monitored target when sensor data is missing.
  • To assess the effectiveness of this approach, particularly for critical areas like entrances and exits.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a neural network trained on historical position data from a WSN.
  • Focused on a scenario with a single unavailable sensor node.
  • Trained the network with 4 minutes of non-linear movement data to simulate a 2-minute sensor outage.

Main Results:

  • The neural network successfully reproduced the monitored target's path with reasonable accuracy.
  • The virtual sensor approach showed particular success in critical areas like room entrances and exits.
  • This method offers a viable solution for maintaining monitoring continuity despite sensor failures.

Conclusions:

  • Virtual sensors generated by neural networks can effectively compensate for unavailable sensors in WSN for indoor localization.
  • This technology enhances the reliability of e-health monitoring systems for patient safety.
  • The approach is promising for ensuring continuous security monitoring in healthcare facilities.