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Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Cognitive Outcomes.
1Department of Neurology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Northwell Health, 300 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA.
Clinics in Geriatric Medicine
|July 2, 2021
Summary
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is strongly linked to cognitive dysfunction, impacting executive function and memory. Early screening and continuous positive airway pressure treatment may improve cognitive outcomes in OSA patients.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Sleep Medicine
- Cognitive Science
Background:
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is increasingly recognized for its association with cognitive impairment.
- The specific cognitive domains affected by OSA require further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and cognitive dysfunction.
- To identify potential pathophysiological mechanisms linking OSA and cognitive decline.
- To recommend clinical screening and management strategies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of existing research on OSA and cognitive function.
- Analysis of studies investigating the impact of OSA on various cognitive domains.
- Examination of proposed pathophysiological pathways.
Main Results:
- OSA is strongly associated with deficits in executive function, attention, long-term memory (verbal/visual), visuospatial/constructional abilities, and information processing.
- Language, psychomotor function, and short-term memory are less frequently affected.
- Pathogenesis may involve amyloid-beta accumulation, episodic hypoxemia, oxidative stress, vascular inflammation, and comorbidities.
Conclusions:
- Cognitive screening is recommended for patients with OSA, and OSA testing for patients with cognitive decline.
- Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy may offer benefits for cognitive symptoms in OSA patients.
Keywords:
Beta-amyloidCPAPCognitive dysfunctionDementiaHypoxemiaOSAReversible cognitive symptomsSleep-disordered breathingMore Related Videos
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