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ASSESSMENT OF NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY LEVELS AND RADIATION EXPOSURE IN NEW BUILDING MATERIALS IN SPAIN.

J L Mas1, J R Caro Ramírez2, S Hurtado Bermúdez3

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Novel building materials incorporating industrial wastes were analyzed for natural radioactivity. While mussel shells showed low levels, fly ashes from olive stones, coal, and coke exceeded EU limits, contributing to NORM databases.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Materials Science
  • Nuclear Chemistry

Background:

  • Building materials can contain Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (NORM).
  • Industrial wastes, such as fly ash, are increasingly used in novel building materials.
  • Assessing the radiological impact of these materials is crucial for public health and safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the activity concentration of key radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th, 40K) in novel building materials.
  • To evaluate the radiological health hazard parameters associated with these materials.
  • To contribute to NORM databases by including previously uncollected industrial wastes.

Main Methods:

  • Manufacturing of novel building materials incorporating various industrial wastes.
  • High-purity germanium (HPGe) gamma-ray spectrometry for radionuclide analysis.
  • Calculation of radiological health hazard parameters (Raeq, I, dose rates).

Main Results:

  • Highest 40K activity (4530 Bq/kg) found in olive stone fly ash.
  • Highest 226Ra (181 Bq/kg) and 232Th (185 Bq/kg) in coal/coke co-combustion fly ash.
  • Mussel shell incorporation resulted in the lowest radionuclide activities.
  • Some fly ash samples exceeded EU recommended limits for building materials.

Conclusions:

  • The study identified specific industrial wastes (fly ashes) that pose radiological risks when used in building materials.
  • Mussel shells present a safer alternative with significantly lower natural radioactivity.
  • Findings support the inclusion of these industrial wastes in NORM databases for better regulatory oversight.