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A continuum mechanics model for the Fåhræus-Lindqvist effect.

Angiolo Farina1, Fabio Rosso2, Antonio Fasano3,4

  • 1Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica "Ulisse Dini", Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale Morgagni 67/a, 50134, Florence, Italia. angiolo.farina@unifi.it.

Journal of Biological Physics
|July 4, 2021
PubMed
Summary

The Fåhræus-Lindqvist effect, a decrease in blood viscosity in small tubes, is explained by a new continuum mechanics model. This model validates Haynes

Keywords:
Blood flow in small vesselsErythrocyte migrationHemorheologyMathematical modeling

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology and Biophysics
  • Fluid Dynamics and Rheology

Background:

  • The Fåhræus-Lindqvist effect describes the decrease in blood viscosity in tubes smaller than 0.3 mm.
  • The underlying physical mechanism of this phenomenon remains incompletely understood.
  • Previous explanations, like Haynes' core-annulus model, lack rigorous deduction from continuum dynamics principles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a rigorous, continuum mechanics-based explanation for the Fåhræus-Lindqvist effect.
  • To develop a theoretical model for blood apparent relative viscosity.
  • To validate the model against experimental data from multiple studies.

Main Methods:

  • Application of recent theoretical results from Guadagni and Farina (2020).
  • Development of a corrected core-annulus structure model for blood flow.
  • Mathematical derivation based on continuum dynamics principles.

Main Results:

  • The proposed theoretical model successfully explains the Fåhræus-Lindqvist effect.
  • The model's predictions align with the original experimental data of Fåhræus and Lindqvist (1931).
  • The model also validates against viscosity data from subsequent researchers.

Conclusions:

  • A sound theoretical explanation for the Fåhræus-Lindqvist effect is established using continuum mechanics.
  • The developed model provides a robust framework for understanding blood apparent relative viscosity in microcirculation.
  • This work bridges the gap between qualitative hypotheses and rigorous fluid dynamics principles.