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Rumen microbiota and its relation to fermentation in lactose-fed calves.

S Koike1, M Ueno1, H Miura1

  • 1Department of Animal Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan 060-8589.

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|July 5, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Including lactose in calf starters altered rumen fermentation by increasing acetate-producing bacteria, such as Mitsuokella spp., without affecting overall rumen microbiota diversity or butyrate producers.

Keywords:
calfcalf starterlactosemicrobiotarumen fermentation

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Area of Science:

  • Ruminant nutrition and microbiology
  • Animal science and gut health
  • Calf starter feed development

Background:

  • Previous studies indicated lactose inclusion in calf starters affects growth and gut development.
  • Understanding the impact on rumen microbiota and fermentation is crucial for optimizing calf nutrition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the shift in rumen microbiota composition and its relationship with rumen fermentation in calves fed a lactose-containing starter.
  • To identify specific bacterial taxa affected by lactose inclusion and their metabolic implications.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty Holstein bull calves were assigned to either a control or a 10% lactose-supplemented calf starter (LAC10).
  • Rumen digesta were collected at 80 days of age for analysis of microbiota composition (16S rRNA gene sequencing, real-time PCR) and fermentation products.
  • Statistical analysis was performed to correlate bacterial abundance with fermentation parameters.

Main Results:

  • Lactose feeding did not significantly alter rumen microbiota alpha-diversity or overall composition.
  • The abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria (e.g., Butyrivibrio, Megasphaera elsdenii) remained unchanged.
  • Lactose-fed calves showed a higher relative abundance of Mitsuokella spp. (lactate, succinate, acetate producers) and acetate-producing bacteria (Coriobacteriaceae, Pseudoramibacter-Eubacterium), correlating with an increased acetate-to-propionate ratio.

Conclusions:

  • Lactose inclusion in calf starters promotes specific acetate-producing bacteria in the rumen.
  • Increased Mitsuokella spp. may lead to lactate conversion into butyrate, contributing to altered volatile fatty acid profiles.
  • The observed shifts in rumen microbiota composition partially explain increased rumen acetate proportions in lactose-fed calves.