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Rhaponticin suppresses osteosarcoma through the inhibition of PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway

Suresh Mickymaray1, Faiz Abdulaziz Alfaiz1, Anand Paramasivam2

  • 1Department of Biology, College of Science, Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Riyadh Region, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences
|July 5, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Rhaponticin demonstrates potent anticancer effects against human osteosarcoma (MG-63) cells by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting growth. This natural compound shows promise as a future chemotherapeutic agent for osteosarcoma treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Osteosarcoma is a prevalent pediatric bone cancer, primarily affecting individuals aged 15-30.
  • Current treatments have limitations, necessitating the search for novel therapeutic agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anticancer potential of Rhaponticin against human osteosarcoma (MG-63) cells.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying Rhaponticin's effects on osteosarcoma cells.

Main Methods:

  • Cytotoxicity assessed via MTT assay on MG-63 and MC3T3-E1 cells.
  • Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), nuclear morphology, and apoptosis evaluated using fluorescent staining.
  • Cell migration analyzed by scratch assay.
  • mRNA expression of PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway proteins determined by RT-PCR.

Main Results:

  • Rhaponticin exhibited significant cytotoxicity against MG-63 cells while sparing normal MC3T3-E1 cells.
  • Treatment led to increased intracellular ROS, apoptosis, and nuclear damage, with decreased MMP.
  • Rhaponticin effectively inhibited MG-63 cell migration and down-regulated the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway.

Conclusions:

  • Rhaponticin possesses potent anti-osteosarcoma properties.
  • The compound induces cell death and inhibits growth through ROS generation and PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway modulation.
  • Rhaponticin represents a promising candidate for future osteosarcoma chemotherapy.
Keywords:
ApoptosisMG-63 cellsOsteosarcomaPI3K-Akt-mTOR pathwayRhaponticin

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