Expanded Spectrum of Optical Coherence Tomography Findings in Patients with Ocular Toxoplasmosis

To describe the optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis at different stages of activity.

Observational case series.

A total of 32 eyes of 31 patients were included; 43 sets of OCT were reviewed. A total of 14 lesions were classified as active, 13 as partially active, and 16 as inactive. All active lesions demonstrated increased retinal thickness and reflectivity with blurring of details of retinal layers. Choroidal granuloma was detected in eight (61.5%) and serous retinal detachment in nine (64%). In partially active lesions, sustained thickening and/or attachment of posterior hyaloid face with fine epiretinal membrane was the hallmark. Scarified lesions showed decreased retinal and choroidal thickness starting from the periphery. Characteristic signs for decreased activity of a lesion seen in majority of both partially active and inactive lesions were RPE changes and retina-RPE approximation. We called this unique feature 'hourglass configuration'.

Features in OCT are helpful to specify and monitor the activity of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis.