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Oxidant and antioxidant balance in patients with COVID-19

Kubra Aykac1, Yasemin Ozsurekci2, Burcu Ceylan Cura Yayla1

  • 1Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Science, Ankara, Turkey.

Pediatric Pulmonology
|July 15, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Oxidant and antioxidant levels, specifically total thiol (TT) and native thiol (NT), are significantly lower in COVID-19 patients. These thiol levels can predict COVID-19 diagnosis and disease severity in both children and adults.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • A balanced interplay between oxidant and antioxidant mechanisms is vital for immune system function.
  • The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic highlights the need to understand factors influencing immune response.
  • This study investigates the role of oxidant-antioxidant balance in COVID-19 pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the contribution of oxidant-antioxidant balance to COVID-19.
  • To analyze serum oxidant and antioxidant stress parameters in pediatric and adult COVID-19 patients.
  • To compare these parameters with healthy controls and correlate them with disease severity.

Main Methods:

  • Serum levels of native thiol (NT), total thiol (TT), disulfide, total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, and ischemia-modified albumin were measured.
  • Parameters were analyzed in 79 children and 74 adults, including COVID-19 cases and healthy controls.
  • Statistical comparisons were made based on COVID-19 status, age group, and disease severity.

Main Results:

  • Total thiol (TT) and native thiol (NT) levels were significantly lower in adult COVID-19 patients compared to all other groups.
  • Lower TT and NT levels were observed in both pediatric and adult COVID-19 patients with severe disease courses compared to mild/moderate cases.
  • TT and NT levels were identified as predictors for COVID-19 diagnosis in adults and independent predictors for disease severity in both children and adults.

Conclusions:

  • Serum thiol levels (TT and NT) are significantly altered in COVID-19 patients.
  • These thiol parameters demonstrate potential as reliable biomarkers for predicting COVID-19 diagnosis and clinical course.
  • Oxidant-antioxidant capacity markers, particularly TT and NT, are valuable for assessing disease severity in COVID-19 patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19oxidative stresspediatricsseveritythiols

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