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Current Concepts of Dentinal Hypersensitivity.
Anita Aminoshariae1, James C Kulild2
1Department of Endodontics, Case School of Dental Medicine, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio.
Journal of Endodontics
|July 24, 2021
Summary
Understanding dentinal sensitivity mechanisms is key for better dental pain treatments. This review explores five proposed theories, including hydrodynamic theory and neuroplasticity, to improve diagnostics and therapies.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Neuroscience
- Pain Research
Background:
- Limited research exists on dental pain mechanisms compared to prevalence.
- Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing improved diagnostic tests and therapeutic interventions for dental pain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively review the existing literature on the mechanisms underlying dentinal sensitivity.
Main Methods:
- A narrative review was conducted.
- Literature search performed using PubMed and Ovid databases.
- Articles focused on dentinal pain and pulpal sensitivity were included.
Main Results:
- Five proposed mechanisms for dentinal sensitivity were identified:
- 1. Classic hydrodynamic theory
- 2. Direct innervation of dentinal tubules
- 3. Neuroplasticity and sensitization of nociceptors
- 4. Odontoblasts as sensory receptors
- 5. Algoneurons
Conclusions:
- The identified mechanisms are not mutually exclusive and may act in concert.
- Pulpal inflammation can alter the contribution of these mechanisms, potentially leading to neuronal sprouting and peripheral sensitization.
- Knowledge of these mechanisms can guide the development of targeted therapeutic drugs for effective pulpal pain management.
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