Sigmar1's Molecular, Cellular, and Biological Functions in Regulating Cellular Pathophysiology
Richa Aishwarya1, Chowdhury S Abdullah2, Mahboob Morshed2
1Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States.
Frontiers in Physiology
|July 26, 2021
Summary
The Sigma 1 receptor (Sigmar1) is a key chaperone protein involved in cellular survival. Mutations in Sigmar1 are linked to neurological disorders, highlighting its critical biological functions.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Cellular Biology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- The Sigma 1 receptor (Sigmar1) is a multifunctional chaperone protein essential for cellular survival.
- Sigmar1 mutations are implicated in neuronal and neuromuscular disorders.
- Sigmar1 regulates diverse cellular functions including ion channels, protein quality, and organelle communication.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge on Sigmar1 biology.
- To highlight recent discoveries in Sigmar1's molecular, cellular, and pathophysiological functions.
- To consolidate understanding of Sigmar1's role in various diseases.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of Sigmar1 research.
- Synthesis of data on Sigmar1's molecular mechanisms.
- Analysis of Sigmar1's involvement in disease pathogenesis.
Main Results:
- Sigmar1 plays critical roles in endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial communication, lipid metabolism, and autophagy.
- Altered Sigmar1 expression and localization are linked to neurodegeneration, ischemia, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and addiction.
- Sigmar1's chaperone activity is vital for maintaining cellular homeostasis.
Conclusions:
- Sigmar1 is a central regulator of cellular stress responses and survival pathways.
- Understanding Sigmar1's multifaceted roles is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies for associated diseases.
- Further research into Sigmar1's signaling pathways will uncover new therapeutic targets.
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