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Types of Coprecipitation

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Coprecipitation is the contamination of a precipitate by otherwise soluble species and occurs via different processes. In colloidal precipitates, coprecipitation occurs via surface adsorption. For instance, barium sulfate has a primary layer of adsorbed barium ions and a secondary layer of nitrate counterions. This results in contamination of the precipitate by barium nitrate.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Creating Two-Dimensional Patterned Substrates for Protein and Cell Confinement

Creating Two-Dimensional Patterned Substrates for Protein and Cell Confinement

Published on: September 6, 2011

Patterns from drops drying on inclined substrates.

P Logesh Kumar¹, Sumesh P Thampi, Madivala G Basavaraj

¹Department of Chemical Engineering, Polymer Engineering and Colloid Sciences Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, India. basa@iitm.ac.in sumesh@iitm.ac.in.

|July 28, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Gravity breaks coffee ring symmetry in drying droplets. Particle deposition asymmetry increases with lower substrate wettability and depends non-monotonically on substrate inclination, revealing new transport mechanisms.

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Last Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Creating Two-Dimensional Patterned Substrates for Protein and Cell Confinement

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High Throughput Analysis of Liquid Droplet Impacts

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Published on: March 6, 2020

Area of Science:

Colloid science
Fluid dynamics
Materials science

Background:

The coffee ring effect describes particle deposition at the edge of drying droplets.
Evaporation-driven capillary flow typically leads to symmetrical particle patterns.
Gravity can break this symmetry by tilting the substrate.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how particle size, substrate wettability, and inclination angle influence asymmetry in drying droplet patterns.
To explore additional particle transport mechanisms beyond evaporation-driven flow.

Main Methods:

Experiments involving drying aqueous dispersions of polystyrene particles on inclined substrates.
Varying particle sizes, substrate wettability, and substrate inclination angles.

Main Results:

Particle deposition asymmetry was observed regardless of particle size.
Increased asymmetry correlated with decreased substrate wettability.
The degree of asymmetry showed a non-monotonic relationship with the substrate inclination angle.

Conclusions:

Gravity, wettability, and inclination angle significantly impact particle distribution in drying droplets.
Evaporation-driven capillary flow is not the sole mechanism; other transport phenomena are involved.
Further research is needed to understand pattern formation physics on oriented substrates.