Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People
12:59

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People

Published on: July 5, 2017

12.8K

Influence of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme I/D Polymorphism on Hemodynamic and Antioxidant Response to Long-Term

Hugo de Luca Corrêa1, Lysleine A Deus1, Rodrigo V P Neves1

  • 1Graduate Program of Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brazil.

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
|July 28, 2021
PubMed

Insights

The Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) I/D genotype influences patient response to intradialytic resistance training. DD genotype benefits blood pressure, while allele I carriers show greater muscle mass gains in chronic kidney disease patients.

Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Genetics
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients often experience comorbidities like hypertension and muscle wasting.
  • Resistance training (RT) is increasingly used in hemodialysis to manage these complications.
  • Individual genetic variations, such as the Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) I/D polymorphism, may influence treatment response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of ACE I/D genotype on hemodynamic and redox balance responses to intradialytic resistance training in CKD patients.
  • To determine if specific ACE genotypes predict differential benefits from RT in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A 24-week randomized controlled trial involving 320 end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis.
  • Participants were randomized into four groups: II+ID control, II+ID RT, DD control, and DD RT.
  • Intradialytic resistance training involved 3 sessions/week of 11 exercises, 3 sets of 8-12 repetitions at a hard intensity (OMNI-RES 6-8).

Main Results:

  • DD genotype homozygotes demonstrated significant improvements in blood pressure control (p < 0.0001).
  • Individuals carrying the I allele showed a significantly greater increase in muscle mass (p < 0.0001).
  • These findings highlight genotype-specific responses to intradialytic RT.

Conclusions:

  • ACE genotyping can identify CKD patients predisposed to specific benefits from intradialytic resistance training.
  • Personalizing RT prescription based on ACE genotype may optimize the management of comorbidities in CKD patients.
  • Integrating ACE genotyping into hemodialysis clinics could enhance patient outcomes and counter kidney disease-related complications.

More Related Videos

A Modified Two Kidney One Clip Mouse Model of Renin Regulation in Renal Artery Stenosis08:21

A Modified Two Kidney One Clip Mouse Model of Renin Regulation in Renal Artery Stenosis

Published on: October 26, 2020

5.1K
Improved Renal Denervation Mitigated Hypertension Induced by Angiotensin II Infusion08:35

Improved Renal Denervation Mitigated Hypertension Induced by Angiotensin II Infusion

Published on: May 26, 2022

3.6K

Related Concept Videos

Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors01:30

Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), a vital component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, is abundant in lung endothelial cells. ACE converts the inactive decapeptide, angiotensin I, into the active octapeptide, angiotensin II. This potent vasoconstrictor narrows blood vessels, increasing resistance to blood flow and elevating blood pressure. Angiotensin II also stimulates aldosterone production, encouraging kidney cells to reabsorb more sodium and water from urine, thereby increasing...
Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers01:30

Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers

In the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, a hormone called angiotensin II plays a crucial role. It binds to the AT1 receptors in vascular smooth muscles coupled with Gq proteins. The activation of these receptors activates an enzyme called phospholipase C, which releases two molecules: inositol trisphosphate and diacylglycerol. These molecules cause a chain reaction that leads to the phosphorylation of myosin light chains and promotes interaction between actin and myosin, leading to smooth...
Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors01:25

Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an intricate physiological pathway involving numerous enzymes and hormones, including renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin I and II, and aldosterone. Imbalances within this system increase the production of angiotensin II and aldosterone. Increased angiotensin II levels promote vasoconstriction and blood pressure elevation. Concurrently, higher aldosterone levels stimulate sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys,...
Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: Diuretics

Heart failure and kidney perfusion are interconnected in a complex way. Reduced renal perfusion and venous congestion are two significant factors that contribute to renal dysfunction in heart failure. The kidneys, primarily responsible for fluid balance in the body, are adversely affected due to compromised cardiac output and increased venous pressure. In response to reduced renal perfusion, the kidneys activate neurohumoral mechanisms to restore balance. However, these mechanisms can be...
Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...