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Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...
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Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
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Increased functional interaction within frontoparietal network during working memory task in major depressive

Wanyi Cao1,2,3, Haiyan Liao4, Sainan Cai4

  • 1Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.

Human Brain Mapping
|July 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Major depressive disorder (MDD) patients exhibit altered brain connectivity in the frontoparietal network, impacting working memory (WM). This study reveals abnormal functional and effective connectivity between the right inferior parietal lobule and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in MDD.

Keywords:
effective connectivityfrontoparietal networkfunctional connectivitymajor depressive disorderworking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Working memory (WM) deficits are a hallmark of major depressive disorder (MDD).
  • Abnormal fronto-parietal network activation is implicated, but functional interactions remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of abnormal frontoparietal network functional interactions in the neuropathology of WM deficits in MDD.
  • To examine connectivity within the frontoparietal network during WM tasks in MDD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and behavioral data from 40 MDD patients and 47 healthy controls (HCs) during n-back tasks.
  • Psychophysiological interaction (PPI) and dynamic causal modeling (DCM) analyses to assess frontoparietal connectivity.
  • Partial correlation to link connectivity parameters with WM performance and depressive severity.

Main Results:

  • MDD patients showed increased functional connectivity between the right inferior parietal lobule (IPL) and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) during the 2-back task.
  • DCM revealed increased forward modulation connectivity from the right IPL to the right dlPFC in MDD patients.
  • Effective connectivity from right IPL to right dlPFC negatively correlated with WM performance (d') and positively with depressive severity in MDD.

Conclusions:

  • Abnormal functional and effective connectivity within the frontoparietal network contributes to WM deficits in MDD.
  • Altered connectivity between the right IPL and right dlPFC may be a key neuropathological mechanism in MDD-related cognitive impairment.