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Published on: October 4, 2018
Functional Diversity of Mitochondrial Peptidyl-tRNA Hydrolase ICT1 in Human Cells
I V Chicherin1,2, S V Dukhalin1, R A Khannanov1
1Department of Molecular Biology, M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
Abstract:
Mitochondria are energy producing organelles of the eukaryotic cell, involved in the synthesis of key metabolites, calcium homeostasis and apoptosis. Protein biosynthesis in these organelles is a relic of its endosymbiotic origin. While mitochondrial translational factors have homologues among prokaryotes, they possess a number of unique traits. Remarkably as many as four mammalian mitochondrial proteins possess a clear similarity with translation termination factors. The review focuses on the ICT1, which combines several functions. It is a non-canonical termination factor for protein biosynthesis, a rescue factor for stalled mitochondrial ribosomes, a structural protein and a regulator of proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis. Such a diversity of roles demonstrates the high functionality of mitochondrial translation associated proteins and their relationship with numerous processes occurring in a living cell.
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