Care of the College Student

Area of Science:

• Health Sciences
• Adolescent Medicine
• Public Health

Background:

• Approximately 19 million students attend college in the U.S.
• 20% of college youth have special healthcare needs (SHCN)
• Common SHCN include asthma, diabetes, learning, mental health, and substance use disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

• To outline strategies for physicians to facilitate the transition of youth with SHCN to adult healthcare models.
• To highlight common health issues in college students and effective management approaches.
• To emphasize the importance of preventive care and screenings for this population.

Main Methods:

• Structured processes for orienting youth to self-care before college entry.
• Monitoring stimulant medication use for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
• Multidisciplinary management of learning disorders and common mental health conditions (depression, anxiety, PTSD, eating disorders).
• Screening and interventions for obesity, substance use, violence, and nicotine use.
• Ensuring crucial immunizations (influenza, HPV, meningococcus, pertussis).

Main Results:

• Stimulant medications are effective for ADHD but require monitoring for diversion.
• Learning disorders can present with various symptoms and require integrated care.
• Depression, anxiety, sleep, PTSD, and eating disorders are prevalent and impact academic performance.
• Screenings and interventions for obesity, mental health, substance use, and violence are effective.
• Adolescent and young adult vaccinations are critical for this population.
• LGBTQ+ students have distinct healthcare needs requiring specialized attention.

Conclusions:

• Physicians can proactively manage the health of college students with SHCN.
• Early intervention and comprehensive care are vital for academic success and well-being.
• Addressing unique health needs of diverse student populations, including LGBTQ+ youth, is essential.