Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 24, 2025
08:17
Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure
Published on: August 25, 2017
11.2K
Systematic Review of Ozone Effects on Human Lung Function, 2013 Through 2020
Stephanie M Holm1, John R Balmes2
1Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA; Western States Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit, University of California, San Francisco, CA; Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Chest
|August 14, 2021
Summary
Ozone exposure can decrease lung function, especially in children, even at low levels. Current air quality standards may not adequately protect children from these adverse effects.
Area of Science:
- Environmental health
- Epidemiology
- Pulmonology
Background:
- Ozone's impact on lung function is crucial in air pollution research.
- Understanding ozone's effects is complex due to interactions with other pollutants.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review epidemiological studies on ozone exposure and lung function from 2013-2020.
- To assess the current understanding of ozone's effects on respiratory health.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of PubMed articles (2013-2021).
- Search terms included 'health AND ozone' and 'ozone AND (lung function OR FEV1 OR FVC)'.
- 53 studies were selected based on specific ozone-lung function relationships.
Main Results:
- Consistent evidence shows decreased lung function in children, even with short-term, low-level ozone exposure.
- Effects on adult lung function are less clear, but the elderly may be susceptible.
- Long-term ozone exposure impairs lung function and growth in children.
Conclusions:
- Current US EPA air quality standards for ozone may not sufficiently protect children.
- Further research is needed on long-term ozone effects in adults.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Pulmonary Function Tests
475
Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)
Pulmonary Function Tests are crucial diagnostic tools for assessing respiratory function, particularly in patients with chronic respiratory disorders. They comprehensively evaluate lung volumes, ventilatory function, breathing mechanics, diffusion, and gas exchange. These tests help diagnose pulmonary diseases and play a significant role in monitoring disease progression, evaluating disability, and assessing response to therapy.
PFTs involve using a spirometer, a...
Pulmonary Function Tests are crucial diagnostic tools for assessing respiratory function, particularly in patients with chronic respiratory disorders. They comprehensively evaluate lung volumes, ventilatory function, breathing mechanics, diffusion, and gas exchange. These tests help diagnose pulmonary diseases and play a significant role in monitoring disease progression, evaluating disability, and assessing response to therapy.
PFTs involve using a spirometer, a...
475
01:19Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation
2.0K
Besides the pressure difference between the external environment and the lungs, the airflow rate and ease of pulmonary ventilation are also influenced by three other factors: surface tension of the fluid in the alveoli, compliance of the lungs, and airway resistance.
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...
2.0K
01:20COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features
746
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
746
01:26COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids
492
Chronic obstructive pulmonary isease (COPD) involves a group of progressive lung disorders characterized by persistent airflow limitation and chronic respiratory symptoms. Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS), encompassing features of both asthma and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a group of progressive lung disorders that includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma. ACOS leads to complex clinical presentations that combine the inflammatory...
492
01:26Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification
3.4K
Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
3.4K
01:24Respiratory Capacities
934
Respiratory capacities are crucial indicators of lung function, representing the maximum amount of air an individual's respiratory system can handle during various breathing phases.
One key metric is the Inspiratory Capacity (IC), which represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled with full effort. IC is calculated by summing the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume, typically ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 liters.
The Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) represents the air in the...
One key metric is the Inspiratory Capacity (IC), which represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled with full effort. IC is calculated by summing the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume, typically ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 liters.
The Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) represents the air in the...
934