Wildfires and Atopic Diseases: A Review

Wildfire smoke is a major environmental health threat that has increased in frequency and severity in recent years. A hazardous component of wildfire smoke is particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM_2.5). There is evidence to suggest that exposure to wildfire PM_2.5 may increase the risk of developing or exacerbating atopic diseases, such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. Certain communities may be disproportionately affected due to a lack of access to resources and information about how to protect themselves. This review highlights the negative impacts of wildfire smoke on atopic diseases and effects on specific communities. Further research is needed to better understand factors that contribute to the impact of wildfire smoke and to develop strategies and policy interventions for mitigation.