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DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
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Direct Observation of Enzymes Replicating DNA Using a Single-molecule DNA Stretching Assay

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Published on: March 23, 2010

Probing steps in DNA transcription using single-molecule methods.

Chun-Ying Lee¹, Sua Myong²

¹Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

The Journal of Biological Chemistry

|August 17, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study reviews single-molecule techniques for observing gene transcription. It evaluates methods like fluorescence and force microscopy for studying RNA polymerase activity, from binding to termination.

Keywords:

FRET PIFE atomic force microscopy magnetic tweezer optical tweezer transcription

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Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes

Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes

Published on: April 4, 2025

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Biophysics

Background:

Gene expression is tightly regulated at the transcriptional level.
Understanding the dynamic steps of transcription is crucial for deciphering gene regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and evaluate current single-molecule techniques used to study transcription.
To provide insights into the advantages and disadvantages of various methodologies.

Main Methods:

Fluorescence-based microscopy (single and multi-color).
Force measuring and manipulating microscopy (magnetic field or light).
Atomic force microscopy.

Main Results:

These techniques allow for the characterization of individual steps in transcription.
Each method offers complementary insights into RNA polymerase activity.
Evaluation of the strengths and limitations of each technique is presented.

Conclusions:

Single-molecule techniques are powerful tools for resolving the intricacies of transcription.
The choice of method depends on the specific aspect of transcription being investigated.
This review aids researchers in selecting appropriate techniques for studying transcription dynamics.